Prompting and Learning Workflows in GenAI-Assisted Language Learning: A Qualitative Analysis of Popular Chinese Social Media Posts

Authors

  • Yixin Qian Florida State University, USA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53103/cjlls.v6i3.285

Keywords:

Generative AI, GENAI-Assisted Language Learning, Social Media, Language Education, Chinese Language Learners

Abstract

This study examined how popular Chinese social media posts portray GenAI-supported language learning practices. Drawing on Reflexive Thematic Analysis, the study analyzed publicly available posts and videos from three major Chinese social media platforms: RedNote, Bilibili, and TikTok (Chinese version). The findings suggest that GenAI-supported language learning is portrayed as a knowledge-dependent and context-sensitive process. Specifically, the posts frame prompting as requiring three broad forms of knowledge: knowledge about the learner and learning context, language-learning-related knowledge, and knowledge about interacting with GenAI systems. In addition, the findings show that social media posts portray GenAI-supported learning as multi-stage and multimodal, where learners organize AI support across interconnected learning activities while integrating multiple formats and platforms. Overall, this study contributes to understanding how GenAI-assisted language learning is represented in learner-facing social media content and offers implications for future pedagogical support in GenAI-assisted language education.

References

AbuSahyon, A. S. A. E., Alzyoud, A., Alshorman, O., & Al-Absi, B. (2023). AI-driven technology and chatbots as tools for enhancing English language learning in the context of second language acquisition: A review study. International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology, 10(1), 1209-1223. DOI: 10.15379/ijmst.v10i1.2829

Algobaei, F., & Alzain, E. (2026). Prompt engineering for non-native English learners: A generative AI approach to personalised language feedback. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 13, Article 102341. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102341

Alharbi, W. (2024). Mind the gap, please!: Addressing the mismatch between teacher awareness and student AI adoption in higher education. International Journal of Computer-Assisted Language Learning and Teaching, 14(1), 1-28. DOI: 10.4018/IJCALLT.351245

Al-Jamali, S., & Abdalla, S. Z. S. (2025). Behavioral determinants of AI-driven Arabic language learning: Insights from the extended UTAUT2 model. Educational Process: International Journal, 16, e2025282. DOI: 10.22521/Edupij.2025.16.282

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology, 3(2), 77-101. DOI: 10.1191/1478088706qp063oa

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019). Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative research in sport, exercise and health, 11(4), 589-597. DOI: 10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806

Brawn, J. R. (2024). In Search of the Prompt that Produces Useful Written Corrective Feedback for L2 Composition Classes. International Journal of Education, 12(4). DOI: 10.5121/ije2024.12402

Chea, P., & Xiao, Y. (2024). Artificial intelligence in higher education: The power and damage of AI-assisted tools on academic English reading skills. Journal of General Education and Humanities, 3(3), 287-306. DOI: 10.58421/gehu.v3i3.242

Crompton, H., Edmett, A., Ichaporia, N., & Burke, D. (2024). AI and English language teaching: Affordances and challenges. British Journal of Educational Technology, 55(6), 2503-2529. DOI: 10.1111/Bjet.13460

Dadgostar, P., Qin, Q., Cui, S., Ashcraft, L. E., & Yousefi-Nooraie, R. (2025). Using social media to disseminate behavior change interventions: Scoping review of systematic reviews. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 27, e57370. DOI: 10.2196/57370

De la Vall, R. R. F., & Araya, F. G. (2023). Exploring the benefits and challenges of AI-language learning tools. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention, 10(01), 7569-7576. DOI: 10.18535/ijsshi/v10i01.02

Hapsari, I.P., Wu, TT. (2022). AI Chatbots Learning Model in English Speaking Skill: Alleviating Speaking Anxiety, Boosting Enjoyment, and Fostering Critical Thinking. In: Huang, YM., Cheng, SC., Barroso, J., Sandnes, F.E. (eds) Innovative Technologies and Learning. ICITL 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13449. Springer, Cham. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-15273-3_49

Huang, J. (2023). Engineering ChatGPT prompts for EFL writing classes. International Journal of TESOL Studies, 5(4), 73-79. DOI: 10.58304/Ijts.20230405

Hwang, M., Lee, K.-H., & Lee, H.-K. (2025). A word to the wise: Crafting impactful prompts for ChatGPT. System (Linköping), 133, Article 103756. DOI: 10.1016/j.system.2025.103756

Kristiawan, D., Bashar, K., & Pradana, D. A. (2024). Artificial intelligence in English language learning: A systematic review of AI tools, applications, and pedagogical outcomes. The Art of Teaching English as a Foreign Language, 5(2), 207-218. DOI: 10.36663/tatefl.v5i2.912

Lan, G. (2023). An examination of the risks of artificial intelligence education in the transformation of digital education——key points and thinking of artificial intelligence and education: A guide for policymakers by UNESCO. Yuejiang Academic Journal, 15(01), 132-145. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7089.2023.01.014

Lantolf, J. P. (2000). Sociocultural Theory And Second Language Learning. Oxford University Press. DOI: 10.2307/328580

Lim, W. M., Gunasekara, A., Pallant, J. L., Pallant, J. I., & Pechenkina, E. (2023). Generative AI and the future of education: Ragnarök or reformation? A paradoxical perspective from management educators. The international journal of management education, 21(2), 100790. DOI: 10.1016/J.ijme.2023.100790

Nowell, L. S., Norris, J. M., White, D. E., & Moules, N. J. (2017). Thematic analysis: Striving to meet the trustworthiness criteria. International journal of qualitative methods, 16(1), 1–13. DOI: 10.1177/1609406917733847

Pérez-Paredes, P., Curry, N. & Ordoñana-Guillamón, C. (2025). Critical AI literacy for applied linguistics and language education students. Journal of China Computer-Assisted Language Learning, 5(2), 175-214. DOI: 10.1515/jccall-2025-0005

Sawalha, G., Taj, I., & Shoufan, A. (2024). Analyzing student prompts and their effect on ChatGPT’s performance. Cogent Education, 11(1). DOI: 10.1080/2331186X.2024.2397200

Son, J. B., Ružić, N. K., & Philpott, A. (2025). Artificial intelligence technologies and applications for language learning and teaching. Journal of China computer-assisted language learning, 5(1), 94-112. DOI: 10.1515/Jccall-2023-0015

Tin, T. B. (2016). Stimulating student interest in language learning. In Stimulating Student Interest in Language Learning: Theory, Research and Practice (pp. 275-315). London: Palgrave Macmillan UK. DOI: 10.1057/978-1-137-34042-9_9

Tokoz-Goktepe, F. (2014). Speaking problems of 9th grade high school Turkish learners of L2 English and possible reasons for those problems: Exploring the teachers and pupils' perspectives. Procedia—Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116, 1875–1879. DOI: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.487

Tour, E., & Zadorozhnyy, A. (2025). Conceptualizing and operationalizing prompt literacy for English language learners. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 69(3), e70020. DOI: 10.1002/jaal.70020

Wang, Y., Dai, Y., Li, H., & Song, L. (2021). Social media and attitude change: information booming promote or resist persuasion?. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 596071. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.596071

Woo, D. J., Guo, K., & Susanto, H. (2025). Exploring EFL students’ prompt engineering in human–AI story writing: an activity theory perspective. Interactive Learning Environments, 33(1), 863–882. DOI: 10.1080/10494820.2024.2361381

Wu, X., & Annamalai, N. (2025). Investigating the Use of AI Tools in English Language Learning: A Phenomenological Approach. Contemporary Educational Technology, 17(2). DOI: 10.30935/cedtech/16188

Yang, J. (2022). Perceptions of preservice teachers on AI chatbots in English education. International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication, 14(1), 44-52. DOI: 10.7236/IJIBC.2022.14.1.44

Downloads

Published

2026-05-06

How to Cite

Qian, Y. (2026). Prompting and Learning Workflows in GenAI-Assisted Language Learning: A Qualitative Analysis of Popular Chinese Social Media Posts. Canadian Journal of Language and Literature Studies, 6(3), 97–115. https://doi.org/10.53103/cjlls.v6i3.285

Issue

Section

Articles